Salud Mental

Assessment of depression, anxiety, hopelessness and suicidal risk in HIV+ inpatients

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##

Cecilia Alderete-Aguilar
Rosa Cruz-Maycott
María Candela-Iglesias
Evelyn Rodríguez-Estrada
Gustavo Reyes-Terán

Abstract

Introduction. People living with HIV frequently experience anxiety, depression, hopelessness and suicide risk, particularly if they are hospitalized due to HIV complications.

Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of anxiety, depression, hopelessness and suicide risk in HIV+ inpatients at admission and discharge.

Method. A comparative study was conducted with the HIV+ inpatient population of the National Institute for Respiratory Diseases in Mexico City, from February to November 2013. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Beck Hopelessness Scale and the Plutchik Suicide Risk Scale were applied at hospital admission and discharge.

Results. One hundred and fifteen patients completed all three assessments. Upon admission, 10.4% of the patients scored above the cut-off point for suicide risk; 1.7% presented high levels of hopelessness; 5.2% had clinical depression, and 7% had clinical anxiety. The comparison of scores at admission and discharge showed significant decreases in all symptom levels.

Discussion and conclusion. Most of the patients presented low levels of all symptoms assessed at admission and these decreased at discharge. Further research is necessary with the hospitalized HIV population.

Keywords:
Depression, anxiety, hopelessness, suicide risk, HIV, hospitalization

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Vargas-Mendoza JE, Cervantes-Ramírez M & Aguilar-Morales JE. Estrategias de afrontamiento del SIDA en pacientes diagnosticados como seropositivos. Psicología y Salud 2009; 19(2): 215-221.

Wolff C, Alvarado R & Wolff M. Prevalencia, factores de riesgo y manejo de la depresión en pacientes con infección por VIH: Revisión de la literatura. Rev Chil Infectol 2010; 27(1): 65-74.

Govender RD & Schlebusch L. Hopelessness, depression and suicidal ideation in HIV-positive persons. SAJP 2012; 18(1): 17-21.

Nogueira-Campos L, De Fátima-Bonolo P & Crosland-Guimaraes MD. Anxiety and depression assessment prior to initiating antiretroviral treatment in Brazil. AIDS Care 2006; 18(6): 529-536.

Perdices M, Dunbar N, Grunseit A, Hall W & Cooper D. Anxiety, depression and HIV related symptomatology across the spectrum of HIV disease. AUST NZ J PSYCHIAT 1992; 26(4): 560-566.

Zigmond AS & Snaith RP. The hospital anxiety and depression scale. ACTA PSYCHIAT SCAND 1983; 67(6): 361-70.

Nogueda-Orozco MJ, Pérez-Terán B, Barrientos-Casarrubias V, Robles-García R & Sierra-Madero JG. Escala de Ansiedad y Depresión Hospitalaria (HADS): Validación en pacientes mexicanos con infección por VIH. Psicología Iberoamericana 2013; 21(2): 29-37.

Córdova-Osnaya M & Rosales-Pérez JC. Consistencia interna y estructura factorial de la Escala de Desesperanza de Beck en estudiantes mexicanos. Revista de Psicología 2011; 29(2): 289-309.

Beck A, Weissman A, Lester D & Trexler L. The measurement of pessimism: The Hopelessness Scale. J Consul Clin Psycho 1974; 42(6): 861–865.

Aguilar García-Iturrospe EJ, Hidalgo-Montesinos MD, Cano-García R, López-Manzano JC, Campillo-Agusti M & Hernández-Martínez M. Estudio prospectivo de la desesperanza en pacientes psicóticos: características psicométricas de la Escala de Desesperanza de Beck. Anales de Psiquiatría 1995; 11(4): 121-125.

Plutchik R, van Praag HM, Conte HR & Picard S. Correlates of suicide and violence risk1:The Suicide Risk Measure. Compr Psychiat 1989; 30(4): 296-302.

Rubio G, Montero I, Jáuregui J, Villanueva R, Casado MA, Marín JJ & Santo-Domingo J. Validación de la escala de riesgo suicida de Plutchik en población española. Arch Neurobiol 1998; 61(2): 143-152.

Lobo A, Saz P, Marcos G, Día J, et al. Revalidación y normalización del mini-examen cognoscitivo (primera versión en castellano del MMSE) en población general geriátrica. Med Clin 1999; 20: 767-74.

Garcia-Capitão C, Finotelli J & Santos de Macena C. Evaluation of depression and anxiety on HIV/AIDS inpatient. J AIDS HIV Res 2011; 3(12): 240-246.

Rothenhäusler HB. Mental disorders in general hospital patients. Psychiatr Danub 2006; 18: 183-192.

Costas-González M, Prado-Robles V & Crespo-Iglesias JM. Ansiedad y depresión entre los pacientes hospitalizados en el complejo hospitalario de Ferrol. Cuad Med Psicosom 2013; 107: 16-22.

Kathol RG & Wenzel RP. Natural history of symptoms of depression and anxiety during inpatient treatment on general medicine wards. J Gen Intern Med 1992; 7: 287-293.

Grau A, Comas P, Suñer R. Peláez E, Sala L & Planas M. Evolución de la ansiedad y la depresión detectada durante la hospitalización en un servicio de Medicina Interna. An Med Interna 2007; 24(5): 212-216.

Beck A, Steer R, Beck J. & Newman C. Hopelessness, depression, suicidal ideation and clinical diagnosis of depression. Suicide Life Threat Behav 1993; 23(2): 139-145.