Team sports as a protective factor against mental health problems and suicidal ideation in adolescents
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##
Abstract
Objective. To analyze the association between different types of physical activity (systematized exercise, individual, and collective sports), mental health, and suicidal ideation in adolescents.
Method. We conducted a cross-sectional study with 666 Brazilian adolescents (14-19 y.o.) attending high schools and selected using random cluster sampling. The mental health indicators analyzed were evaluated through the Self Reporting Questionnaire and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, including suicidal ideation. We also obtained physical activity information through questionnaires.
Results. There was a higher prevalence related to mental disorders (54.2% vs. 32.5%), difficulties related to mental health (79.6% vs. 48.4%), and suicidal thoughts (22.9% vs. 11.4%) in girls than in boys (p < .001 for all). The boys engaged in more team sports (41.0 vs. 23.8), whereas girls performed more exercise (45.1 vs. 26.5; p < .001).
Discussion and conclusion. The practice of team sports helps develop the collective spirit, stimulates social interaction, and develops reasoning and emotional intelligence. Boys who play team sports have fewer symptoms of common mental disorders, lower mental health problems, and less suicidal ideation than physically inactive boys.
References
Andersen, M. H., Ottesen, L., & Thing, L. F. (2019). The social and psychological health outcomes of team sport participation in adults: An integrative review of research. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, 47(8), 832-850. doi: 10.1177/1403494818791405
Avanci, J. Q., Assis, S. G., Oliveira, R. V. C., Ferreira, R. M., & Pesce, R. P. (2007). Associated Factors with MentalHealth Problems inAdolescents. Psicologia: Teoria e Pesquisa, 23(3), 287-294. doi: 10.1590/S0102-37722007000300007
Babiss, L. A., & Gangwisch, J. E. (2009). Sports Participation as a Protective Factor Against Depression and Suicidal Ideation in Adolescents as Mediated by Self-Esteem and Social Support. Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics, 30(5), 376-384. doi: 10.1097/DBP.0b013e3181b33659
Badura, P., Geckova, A. M., Sigmundova, D., van Dijk, J. P., & Reijneveld, S. A. (2015). When children play, they feel better: organized activity participation and health in adolescents. BMC Public Health, 15(1), 1090. doi: 10.1186/s12889-015-2427-5
Baiden, P., & Tadeo, S. K. (2020). Investigating the association between bullying victimization and suicidal ideation among adolescents: Evidence from the 2017 Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Child Abuse & Neglect, 102, 104417. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104417
Benetti, S. P. da C., Pizetta, A., Schwartz, C. B., Hass, R. de A., & Melo, V. L. (2010). Mental health problems in adolescence: family characteristics, traumatic events and violence. Psico-USF, 15(3), 321-332. doi: 10.1590/S1413-82712010000300006
Bezerra, J., Lopes, A. da S., Del Duca, G. F., Barbosa Filho, V. C., & Barros, M. V. G. de. (2016). Leisure-time physicalactivityand associated factors among adolescents of Pernambuco, Brazil: From 2006 to 2011. Brazilian Journal of Kinanthropometry and Human Performance, 18(1), 114-126. doi: 10.5007/1980-0037.2016v18n1p114
Dantas, E. H. M. (2014). A Prática da Preparação Física. São Paulo: Roca.
de Jesus Mari, J., & Williams, P. (1986). A Validity Study of a Psychiatric Screening Questionnaire (SRQ-20) in Primary Care in the city of Sao Paulo. British Journal of Psychiatry, 148(1), 23-26. doi: 10.1192/bjp.148.1.23
Eagleton, J. R., McKelvie, S. J., & de Man, A. (2007). Extraversion and Neuroticism in Team Sport Participants, Individual Sport Participants, and Nonparticipants. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 105(1), 265-275. doi: 10.2466/pms.105.1.265-275
Eime, R. M., Young, J. A., Harvey, J. T., Charity, M. J., & Payne, W. R. (2013). A systematic review of the psychological and social benefits of participation in sport for children and adolescents: informing development of a conceptual model of health through sport. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 10(1), 98. doi: 10.1186/1479-5868-10-98
EpiData Software. (n.d.). Atlanta. Retrieved from http://www.epidata.dk/download.php/downloads/php/php/downloadc.php?file=setup_epidata.exe#ee
Fonseca, E. B. da. (1997). O esporte como fator de desenvolvimento e de saúde mental na criança e no adolescente. Revista Brasileira de Medicina Do Esporte, 3(3), 82-83. doi: 10.1590/S1517-86921997000300005
Goodman, R. (1999). The Extended Version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire as a Guide to Child Psychiatric Caseness and Consequent Burden. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 40(5), 791-799. doi: 10.1111/1469-7610.00494
Graupensperger, S., Sutcliffe, J., & Vella, S. A. (2021). Prospective Associations between Sport Participation and Indices of Mental Health across Adolescence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 50(7), 1450-1463. doi: 10.1007/s10964-021-01416-0
Guo, C., Tomson, G., Keller, C., & Söderqvist, F. (2018). Prevalence and correlates of positive mental health in Chinese adolescents. BMC Public Health, 18(1), 263. doi: 10.1186/s12889-018-5133-2
Harrison, P. A., & Narayan, G. (2003). Differences in Behavior, Psychological Factors, and Environmental Factors Associated with Participation in School Sports and Other Activities in Adolescence. Journal of School Health, 73(3), 113-120. doi: 10.1111/j.1746-1561.2003.tb03585.x
Harvey, S. B., Øverland, S., Hatch, S. L., Wessely, S., Mykletun, A., & Hotopf, M. (2018). Exercise and the Prevention of Depression: Results of the HUNT Cohort Study. American Journal of Psychiatry, 175(1), 28-36. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2017.16111223
Jansen, K., Mondin, T. C., Ores, L. da C., Souza, L. D. de M., Konradt, C. E., Pinheiro, R. T., & Silva, R. A. da. (2011). Mental common disorders and quality of life in young adulthoods: a population-based sample in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Cadernos de Saúde Pública, 27(3), 440-448. doi: 10.1590/S0102-311X2011000300005
Kopcakova, J., Veselska, Z., Geckova, A., Kalman, M., van Dijk, J., & Reijneveld, S. (2015). Do Motives to Undertake Physical Activity Relate to Physical Activity in Adolescent Boys and Girls? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 12(7), 7656-7666. doi: 10.3390/ijerph120707656
Lopes, C. S., Abreu, G. de A., Santos, D. F. dos, Menezes, P. R., Carvalho, K. M. B. de, Cunha, C. de F., … Szklo, M. (2016). ERICA: prevalence of common mental disorders in Brazilian adolescents. Revista de Saúde Pública, 50(suppl 1). 14s. doi: 10.1590/s01518-8787.2016050006690
Lourenço, B. da S., Peres, M. A. de A., Porto, I. S., Oliveira, R. M. P. de, & Dutra, V. F. D. (2017). Physical activity as a therapeutic strategy in mental health: an integrative review with implication for nursing care. Escola Anna Nery, 21(3), 1-8. doi: 10.1590/2177-9465-ean-2016-0390
Machado, D. B., & Santos, D. N. dos. (2015). Suicidein Brazil, from 2000 to 2012. Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria, 64(1), 45-54. doi: 10.1590/0047-2085000000056
Mendle, J., Ryan, R. M., & McKone, K. M. P. (2018). Age at Menarche, Depression, and Antisocial Behavior in Adulthood. Pediatrics, 141(1), e20171703. doi: 10.1542/peds.2017-1703
Oliveira, J., & Tavares, F. (1996). Estratégia e táctica nos jogos desportivos colectivos. Porto: Centro de Estudos dos Jogos Desportivos.
O’Connor, R. C., & Nock, M. K. (2014). The psychology of suicidal behaviour. The Lancet Psychiatry, 1(1), 73-85. doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(14)70222-6
Panza, M. J., Graupensperger, S., Agans, J. P., Doré, I., Vella, S. A., & Evans, M. B. (2020). Adolescent Sport Participation and Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 42(3), 201-218. doi: 10.1123/jsep.2019-0235
Pascoe, M., Bailey, A. P., Craike, M., Carter, T., Patten, R., Stepto, N., & Parker, A. (2020). Physical activity and exercise in youth mental health promotion: a scoping review. BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine, 6(1), e000677. doi: 10.1136/bmjsem-2019-000677
Pinheiro, B. D. O., Andrade, A. L. M., & De Micheli, D. (2016). Relationshipbetween levels ofphysical activityand quality of life in druguse in teenagers. SMAD. Revista Eletrônica Saúde Mental Álcool e Drogas (Edição Em Português), 12(3), 178. doi: 10.11606/issn.1806-6976.v12i3p178-187
Pluhar, E., McCracken, C., Griffith, K. L., Christino, M. A., Sugimoto, D., & Meehan, W. P. (2019). Team Sport Athletes May Be Less Likely To Suffer Anxiety or Depression than Individual Sport Athletes. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 18(3), 490-496. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31427871
Polanczyk, G. V., Salum, G. A., Sugaya, L. S., Caye, A., & Rohde, L. A. (2015). Annual Research Review: A meta-analysis of the worldwide prevalence of mental disorders in children and adolescents. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56(3), 345-365. doi: 10.1111/jcpp.12381
Rose Júnior, D. de. (2006). Modalidades Esportivas Coletivas. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan.
Saud, L. F., & Tonelotto, J. M. de F. (2005). Social behaviour inschool: differences between genders and grade. Psicologia Escolar e Educacional, 9(1), 47-57. doi: 10.1590/S1413-85572005000100005
Saur, A. M., & Loureiro, S. R. (2012). Psychometric properties of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire:a literature review. Estudos de Psicologia (Campinas), 29(4), 619-629. doi: 10.1590/S0103-166X2012000400016
Schuch, F. B., Vancampfort, D., Firth, J., Rosenbaum, S., Ward, P. B., Silva, E. S., … Stubbs, B. (2018). Physical Activity and Incident Depression: A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies. American Journal of Psychiatry, 175(7), 631-648. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2018.17111194
Taliaferro, L. A., Eisenberg, M. E., Johnson, K. E., Nelson, T. F., & Neumark-Sztainer, D. (2011). Sport participation during adolescence and suicide ideation and attempts. International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health, 23(1), 3-10. doi: 10.1515/ijamh.2011.002
Victor, S. E., & Klonsky, E. D. (2014). Correlates of suicide attempts among self-injurers: A meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 34(4), 282-297. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2014.03.005
von Elm, E., Altman, D. G., Egger, M., Pocock, S. J., Gøtzsche, P. C., & Vandenbroucke, J. P. (2008). The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 61(4), 344-349. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2007.11.008
Wang, Y. (2013). Socio-cultural influences on adolescent smoking in mainland China: the mediating role of smoking-related cognitions. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/1369420648?accountid=32928%5Cnhttp://pqdt.calis.edu.cn/Detail.aspx?pid=3561503
Weiss, M. R., & Smith, A. L. (2002). Friendship Quality in Youth Sport: Relationship to Age, Gender, and Motivation Variables. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 24(4), 420-437. doi: 10.1123/jsep.24.4.420
World Health Organization. (n.d.). SampleXS. Geneva. Retrieved from http://www.brixtonhealth.com/samplexs.html
