Impaired control in heavy drinking and its association with alcohol craving and alcohol use disorder severity
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Resumen
Objetivo. En este estudio se abordó la relación entre el deterioro del control, el autoreporte del craving y la gravedad de la dependencia del alcohol en un grupo de bebedores fuertes.
Método. Se realizó un análisis de clases latentes usando las dimensiones del deterioro del control (control percibido, control fallido e intento de control) de 208 bebedores fuertes. Para determinar si las clases identificadas podían representar diferentes formas de gravedad del trastorno se contrastó el modelo más adecuado con las puntuaciones de la Escala de Dependencia del Alcohol. Además, se evaluó la relación entre los criterios de deterioro del control (utilizando la Escala de Control Deficiente, ECD) y el craving.
Resultados. Identificamos una solución de tres clases basada en la gravedad del deterioro de control. En esa solución se identificó una relación con el aumento graduado de las puntuaciones de craving y la gravedad de la dependencia entre las clases. Sólo los elementos de la ECD que comprenden el control percibido y parcialmente los relacionados con el control fallido, pero no los que evalúan el intento de control, distinguieron el gradiente entre las clases latentes.
Discusión y conclusión. Este estudio proporciona más apoyo a la propuesta de un continuum unidimensional de gravedad entre los usuarios de alcohol y refuerza la relación teórica entre el fenómeno de deterioro del control y el craving.
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