Effectiveness evaluation of online Mindfulness in mental health and alcohol consumption in medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic
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Resumen
Objetivo. Evaluar la eficacia de la intervención basada en Mindfulness online (IBM) sobre los niveles de sintomatología de estrés, ansiedad y depresión, así como en el consumo de alcohol y el estado de atención plena en estudiantes de medicina durante la pandemia por COVID-19.
Método. Se realizó una investigación cuasi-experimental en 237 estudiantes de medicina, de los cuales se obtuvieron datos sociodemográficos; además, se midieron los niveles de psicopatologías, consumo de alcohol, y el estado de atención plena pre y post intervención a través de los instrumentos DASS-21, AUDIT, y MASS. Se llevaron a cabo ocho sesiones de Mindfulness online, una vez por semana, de aproximadamente una hora cada una.
Resultados. La IBM no redujo los niveles de psicopatologías ni de consumo de alcohol ni mejoró el estado de atención plena. Los altos niveles de psicopatologías, la tasa de abandono y la falta de participación voluntaria, fueron los principales factores que limitan la eficacia del IBM online.
Discusión y conclusión. La IBM online no fue efectiva entre la población estudiada: se recomienda la generación de estrategias en las que los estudiantes se involucren y completen los programas de intervención, los resultados de esta investigación ayudarán a mejorar futuras intervenciones de mindfulness online.
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